CFP last date
20 May 2024
Reseach Article

A Mobile Ad hoc Network Q-Routing Algorithm: Self-Aware Approach

by Amal Alharbi, Abdullah Al-Dhalaan, Mznah Al-Rodhaan
International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 127 - Number 7
Year of Publication: 2015
Authors: Amal Alharbi, Abdullah Al-Dhalaan, Mznah Al-Rodhaan
10.5120/ijca2015902118

Amal Alharbi, Abdullah Al-Dhalaan, Mznah Al-Rodhaan . A Mobile Ad hoc Network Q-Routing Algorithm: Self-Aware Approach. International Journal of Computer Applications. 127, 7 ( October 2015), 1-6. DOI=10.5120/ijca2015902118

@article{ 10.5120/ijca2015902118,
author = { Amal Alharbi, Abdullah Al-Dhalaan, Mznah Al-Rodhaan },
title = { A Mobile Ad hoc Network Q-Routing Algorithm: Self-Aware Approach },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { October 2015 },
volume = { 127 },
number = { 7 },
month = { October },
year = { 2015 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 1-6 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume127/number7/22738-2015902118/ },
doi = { 10.5120/ijca2015902118 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2024-02-06T23:19:13.544124+05:30
%A Amal Alharbi
%A Abdullah Al-Dhalaan
%A Mznah Al-Rodhaan
%T A Mobile Ad hoc Network Q-Routing Algorithm: Self-Aware Approach
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 127
%N 7
%P 1-6
%D 2015
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

This paper proposes a new adaptive Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) routing algorithm to find and maintain paths which provide Qulaity of Service (QoS) for network traffic using a low-complexity bio-inspired learning paradigm. MANETS are highly dynamic, and thus providing QoS routing is considered a challenging, complex domain. Classical routing approaches cannot achieve high performance. Thus, it is necessary for nodes to be self-aware i.e. able to discover neighbours, links, and paths when needed. This proposal combines the self-aware capabilities in CPN with a Q-learning inspired path selection mechanism. The research defines a Q-routing reward function as a combination of high stability and low delay path criteria to discover long-lived routes without disrupting the overall delay. The algorithm uses Acknowledgment-based feedback to update link quality values in order to make routing decisions which adapt on line to network changes allowing nodes to learn efficient routing policies. Simulation Results show how the reward function handles the network changing topology to select paths that improve QoS delivered.

References
  1. Gelenbe, E.. (2014) ‘A Software Defined Self-Aware Network: The Cognitive Packet Network', Proceedings of IEEE 3rd Symposium on Network Cloud Computing and Applications (NCCA), Rome , Italy.
  2. Sachi, M., Prakash, C.(2013) ‘QoS Improvement for MANET Using AODV Algorithm by Implementing Q-Learning Approach’, International Journal of Computer Science and Technology IJCST vol.4 , issue 1, pp. 407-409.
  3. Wang K. (2012) ‘A MANET Routing Protocol Using Q-Learning Method Integrated with Bayesian Network ’, Proceedings of International Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS), Singapore, 2012, IEEE, pp. 270-274.
  4. Wolfgang, E. Schneider, M. Cubek, R. Tokic, M.(2012) 'The Teaching Box : A Universal Robot Learning Framework', Weigarten Publishers, Germany.
  5. Santhi, G., Nachiappan, A. Ibrahime, M.,Raghunadhane, R. (2011) ‘Q-Learning Based Adaptive QoS Routing Protocol for MANETS’ , Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Trends in Information Technology. Chennai: IEEE. Pp. 1233-1238.
  6. Schaul, T. Bayer, J. D. Weirstra, Sun, T. (2010) ' PyBrain', Journal of Machine Learning Research, vol 11, no.2.
  7. Kulkani, S., Rao, R. (2010) ‘Performance Optimization of Reinfrocement Learning Based Routing Algorithm Applied to Ad hoc Networks’, International Journal of Computer Networks and Communications, vol. 2, pp. 46-60.
  8. Tanner, B. While, A. (2009) 'RL-Glue : Language-Independant Software for Reinforcement Learning Experiments', Journal of Machine Learning Research.
  9. Gelenbe, E., Liu P., and Lain, J. (2008) ‘Genetic Algorithms for Autonomic Route Discovery’, in Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Distributed Intelligent Systems, Washington, USA.
  10. Forster, A., Murphy, A. (2007) ‘Feedback Routing for Optimized Multiple Sinks in WSN with Reinforcement Learning”, Proc. 3rd International Conference of Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks, Information Process (ISSNIP).
  11. Gellman, M., Liu, P. (2006), ‘Random Neural for Adaptive Control of Packet Networks’, Proceedings of 16th International on Artificial Neural Networks, Greece, pp.313-320.
  12. Lent, R. (2006) ‘Smart Packet-Based Selection of Reliable Paths in Ad hoc Networks’, IEEE.
  13. Toa, T. Tagashira, S. Fujita, S. (2005) ‘LQ-Routing Protocol for MANETs’, In proc. Of Fourth Annual ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science.
  14. Lent, R., Zanoozi, R. (2005) ‘Power Control in Ad hoc Cognitive Packet Network’, Texas Wireless Symposium.
  15. Chang, Y. , Ho, T. (2004) ‘Mobilized Ad hoc Networks: A Reinforcement Learning Approach.’ Proc. Of First International Conference on Autonomic Computing IEEE Computer Society USA, pp. 240-247.
  16. Chung, W. (2004) ‘Probabilistic Analysis of Routing on Mobile Ad hoc Networks’, IEEE Communication Letters 8(8): 506508.
  17. Gelenbe E., Lent R., and A. Nunez, (2004), ‘Self-Aware Networks and Quality of Service’, Proceedings of IEEE vol. 92(9): 1478-1489.
  18. Gelenbe, E., Lent, R. (2004), ‘Power-Aware Ad hoc Cognitive Packet Network’, Elsevier.
  19. Punde, J., Pissinou, N. (2003) ‘On Quality of Service Routing in Ad hoc Networks”, Proceedings of the 28th IEEE International Conference on Local Computer Networks, IEEE Computer Society, Washington, USA.pp.276-278.
  20. Camp, T., Davies, J. (2002) ‘Survey of Mobility Models for Ad hoc Networks Research”, Wireless Communication & Mobile Computing (WCMC):Special issue on MANET : Research Trend & Application 2 (5): 483-502.
  21. Peshkin, L., Savova, V. (2002) ‘Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Routing’, IEEE.
  22. Gelenbe, E., Lent R. , and Xu Z.,(2001), ‘Design and Performance of Cognitive Packet Network’, Performance Evaluation, 46,pp.155-176.
  23. Halici, U. (2000), ‘Reinforcement Learning with Internal Expectation for The Random Neural Network’, Eur.J.Opns.Res. 126(2)2, pp.288-307.
  24. Perkins, C.E. (2001), Ad Hoc Networking, Addison-Wesley.
  25. Gelenbe, E., Lent, R. and Xu Z.,(2001) ‘Measurement and Performance of Cognitive Packet Network’, Journal of Computer Networks, 46,pp.155-176.
  26. Toh, C.K., Vassiliou, V. (2000) ‘The effects of Beaconing on the Battery life of Ad hoc Mobile Computers’.
  27. Boyan, J., Littman, B. (1999) ‘Packet Routing in Dynamic Changing Networks: A Reinforcement Learning Approach’, In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol.12, pp. 893-899.
  28. Sutton, R., Barto, S. (1998) Reinforcement Learning: an Introduction, MIT Press: Cambridge.
  29. Toh, C.K. (1997) ‘Associativity Based Routing for Mobile Ad hoc Networks’, IEEE Conference on Computer & Communications ( IPCCC), Phoenix, USA.
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

Cognitive Packet Network (CPN) Q-Routing Self-Aware Networks (SAN).