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Strategic Integration of Artificial Intelligence in U.S. K–12 Education: A Comprehensive Review and Policy Roadmap

by Satyadhar Joshi
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International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 187 - Number 24
Year of Publication: 2025
Authors: Satyadhar Joshi
10.5120/ijca2025925428

Satyadhar Joshi . Strategic Integration of Artificial Intelligence in U.S. K–12 Education: A Comprehensive Review and Policy Roadmap. International Journal of Computer Applications. 187, 24 ( Jul 2025), 21-38. DOI=10.5120/ijca2025925428

@article{ 10.5120/ijca2025925428,
author = { Satyadhar Joshi },
title = { Strategic Integration of Artificial Intelligence in U.S. K–12 Education: A Comprehensive Review and Policy Roadmap },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { Jul 2025 },
volume = { 187 },
number = { 24 },
month = { Jul },
year = { 2025 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 21-38 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume187/number24/strategic-integration-of-artificial-intelligence-in-us-k12-education-a-comprehensive-review-and-policy-roadmap/ },
doi = { 10.5120/ijca2025925428 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2025-07-31T02:39:55.940256+05:30
%A Satyadhar Joshi
%T Strategic Integration of Artificial Intelligence in U.S. K–12 Education: A Comprehensive Review and Policy Roadmap
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 187
%N 24
%P 21-38
%D 2025
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration in K-12 education, examining current implementations, policy frameworks, and emerging challenges. We analyze over 40 recent publications (2024-2025) from academic journals, government reports, and industry whitepapers to identify key trends in AI adoption across primary and secondary education systems. This paper presents a comprehensive review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration in K-12 education, examining its pedagogical, technical, and policy dimensions. Through an analysis of recent literature, we highlight Generative AI as the most widely adopted paradigm in educational settings, with Agentic AI emerging as a significant secondary focus. The review identifies key trends in architectural approaches while noting underrepresented technical frameworks. Our review reveals three critical dimensions of AI in education: (1) pedagogical applications including personalized learning and administrative automation, (2) policy and ethical considerations at federal and state levels, and (3) infrastructure requirements for successful implementation. We highlight the rapid growth of Generative AI (GenAI) tools in classrooms alongside persistent concerns about equity, data privacy, and teacher preparedness. We summarize a conceptual framework for evaluating educational AI systems that balances pedagogical value with implementation considerations. This systematic review examines Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration in K-12 education through pedagogical, technical, and policy lenses.

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Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

Artificial Intelligence K-12 Education Educational Technology Generative AI AI Policy Digital Literacy

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