CFP last date
20 May 2024
Reseach Article

Impact of Nakagami-m Fading Model on Multi-hop Mobile Ad Hoc Network

by Dr. Mohammed Tarique, Md. Tanvir Hasan
International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 26 - Number 2
Year of Publication: 2011
Authors: Dr. Mohammed Tarique, Md. Tanvir Hasan
10.5120/3078-4214

Dr. Mohammed Tarique, Md. Tanvir Hasan . Impact of Nakagami-m Fading Model on Multi-hop Mobile Ad Hoc Network. International Journal of Computer Applications. 26, 2 ( July 2011), 5-12. DOI=10.5120/3078-4214

@article{ 10.5120/3078-4214,
author = { Dr. Mohammed Tarique, Md. Tanvir Hasan },
title = { Impact of Nakagami-m Fading Model on Multi-hop Mobile Ad Hoc Network },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { July 2011 },
volume = { 26 },
number = { 2 },
month = { July },
year = { 2011 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 5-12 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume26/number2/3078-4214/ },
doi = { 10.5120/3078-4214 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2024-02-06T20:11:45.509831+05:30
%A Dr. Mohammed Tarique
%A Md. Tanvir Hasan
%T Impact of Nakagami-m Fading Model on Multi-hop Mobile Ad Hoc Network
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 26
%N 2
%P 5-12
%D 2011
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

Several theoretical and experimental based models have been proposed to predict the fading envelope of the received signal in multipath condition. In this paper, we considered a model named Nakagami-m model. Nakagami-m can model a variety of fading environments, where it closely approximates the Nakagami-q (Hoyt) and the Nakagami-n (Rice) models, and has the Rayleigh and one sided Gaussian models as special cases. This model provides the best fit to land-mobile system like wireless mobile ad hoc Network (MANET). Under Nakagami-m fading model, received packet may not be clearly understood by the receiving node, which affects the routing protocol as well as the medium access control protocol of a network. The severity of Nakagami-m fading model on the network performance has been presented in this paper which is demonstrated via simulation results. Simulation results illustrate that the performance of a network may become unable to meet the expectation if Nakagami-m fading model is used in contrast to the simple two-ray model. A physical layer solution and a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer solution been proposed in this paper to overcome the effects of Nakagami-m fading model. Simulation results prove that these two solutions condense the Nakagami-m fading effect and improve network performance.

References
  1. Haowei Bai, Mohammed Atiquzzaman,” Error Modeling Schemes For Fading Channels in Wireless Communications: a Survey”, IEEE Communication Surveys, Fourth Quarter 2003, Volume 5, NO. 2
  2. Y. C. Cheng and T. G. Robertazzi, (1989) “Critical Connectivity Phenomena in Multi-hop Radio Models”, IEEE Transactions on Communication, 37(7), pp. 770–777.
  3. P. Piret, (1991) “On the Connectivity of Radio Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 37(5), pp. 1490–1492.
  4. P. Gupta and P. R. Kumar, (1998) “Critical Power for Asymptotic Connectivity in Wireless Networks”, in proceedings of IEEE conference on Design & Control, pp. 676-681.
  5. M. D. Penrose, (1997) “The Longest Edge of the Random Minimal Spanning Tree”, Annals of Applied Probability, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 340–361.
  6. P. Santi, D. M. Blough, and F. Vainstein, (2001) “A Probabilistic Analysis for the Radio Rang Assignment Problem in Ad-hoc Networks”, in proceedings of ACM MobiHoc. pp. 212 – 220.
  7. P. Santi and D. M. Blough, (2003) “The Critical Transmitting Range for Connectivity in Sparse Wireless Adhoc Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2(1):25-39.
  8. C.Bettstetter and C. Hartmann, (2005) “Connectivity of Wireless Multi-hop Networks in a Shadow Fading Environment”, Wireless Networks, vol. 11, no.5, pp. 571-579.
  9. R. Hekmat and P. Van Mieghem, (2006) “Connectivity in Wireless Adhoc Networks with a Lognormal Radio Model”, Mobile Networks and Applications, vol. 11, pp. 351–360.
  10. J. Orriss and S. K. Barton, (2002) “A Statistical Model for Connectivity between Mobiles and Base Stations: The Extension to Suzuki”, COST 273 TD(02) 121.
  11. J. Orriss and S. K. Barton, (2003) “A Statistical Model for Connectivity between Mobiles and Base Stations: from Suzuki to Rice and beyond”, COST 273 TD(03) 89.
  12. M. Haenggi, (2006) “A Geometry-inclusive Fading Model for Random Wireless Networks”, in proceedings of IEEE ISIT, pp. 1329–1333.
  13. O. Dousse, F. Baccelli, and P. Thiran, (2005) “Impact of Interferences on Connectivity in Adhoc networks,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 425–436.
  14. K. Fall and K. Varadhan, “ NS Notes and Documentations Technical Report”, University of California- Berkley, LBL, USC.ISI and Xerox PARC
  15. Sachin Adlakha and Mani Srivastava, (2003) “Critical Density Thresholds for Coverage in Wireless Sensor Networks”, in proceedings of IEEE WCNC, vol.3, pp. 1615-1620.
  16. George K. Karagiannidis, Dimitris A. Zogas, Dimitris A. Zogas,” On the Multivariate Nakagami-m Distribution With Exponential Correlation” IEEE Transactions on Communications, Volume. 51, No. 8, August 2003
  17. Sema Oktug, Anar Khalilov, Hakan Tezcan, (2008) ”3D Coverage Analysis under Heterogeneous Deployment Strategies Wireless Sensor Networks,” In proc. on Advanced International conference on Telecommunications (AICT’08) pp. 199-204.
  18. Pan Li et al., (2009) “ Asymptotic connectivity in wireless ad hoc networks using directional antennas,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 17 , Issue 4, pp. 1106-1117.
  19. Liaoruo Wang, (2008) “Connectivity in Cooperative Wireless Ad Hoc Networks,” proc. of ACM MobiHoc 2008.
  20. D. Eckhardt and P. Steenkiste, “Measurement and Analysis of the Error Characteristics of an In-Building Wireless Network,” Proc. ACM SIGCOMM ’96, Stanford, CA, Aug. 1996, pp. 243–54.
  21. M. Nakagami, “The m-distribution, a general formula of intensity distribution of rapid fading,” in Statistical Methods in Radio Wave Propagation, W. G. Hoffman, Ed, Oxford, U.K.: Pergamon, 1960.
  22. Q. T. Zhang, “Maximal-ratio combining over Nakagami fading channels with an arbitrary branch covariance matrix,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 1141–1150, Jul. 1999.
  23. A. Annamalai, C. Tellambura, and V. K. Bhargava, “Exact evaluation of maximal-ratio and equal-gain diversity receiver for M-ary QAM on Nakagami fading channels,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 47, no. 9, pp. 1335–1344, Sep. 1999.
  24. M. K. Simon and M. S. Alouini, “A unified performance analysis of digital communication with dual selective combining diversity over correlated Rayleigh and Nakagami-m fading channels,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 33–43, Jan.1999.
  25. U. Charash, “Reception through Nakagami fading multipath channels with random delays,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 657–670, Apr. 1979.
  26. H. Suzuki, “A statistical model for urban multipath,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 673–680, Jul. 1977.
  27. Broch, J., Johnson, D.B., and Maltz, D.A., “The Dynamic Source Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks”, IETF Internet-draft, draft-ietf-manetdsr-00.txt, 1998
  28. Daniele Miorandi, Eitan Altman, and Giuseppa Alfano, (2008) “The Impact of Channel Randomness on Coverage and Connectivity of Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Wireles Communications, vol. 7, no.3, pp. 275-288.
  29. “On the Validation of Radio Propagation Models-Analytical validation of Network Simulator used, Propagation and Bit Error Rates Models” Hagen Paul Pfeifer; 24. January 2010
  30. IEEE Computer Society, “IEEE Standard for Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications”, International Standard ISO/IEC 8802-11: 1999(E), ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition.
  31. Theodore S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications Principles and Practise, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education Inc., 2002, pp. 138-144.
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

Multi-Hop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) Nakagami-m Fading Model Delivery Ratio DSR MAC layer Long and Short Retry Limit Probability Density Function (PDF)