Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have gained increasing attention from both the research community and actual user. WSN consists of a large number of sensor nodes which are deployed over an area to perform local computations based on information gathered from surroundings and send this information to the main location. Each sensor node is equipped with a limited battery- power. The energy, the storage capacity and communication capability of sensor nodes are very limited. It is almost difficult to change or replace the battery. One of the fundamental design challenges in designing a Wireless Sensor Network is to maximize the network lifetime. To overcome this challenge, different methods were developed in last few years. The main objective in designing of WSN is to maximize the lifetime of WSN through minimizing the energy. There are different energy-efficient Clustering algorithms which prolongs the efficiency of WSN. Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) Protocol, Particle swarm optimization (PSO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm are different clustering mechanisms used to improve the efficiency of WSN. This paper discusses these three algorithms and compares this three with each other.

WSN LEACH Lifetime PSO ABC Cluster-Head