CFP last date
20 May 2024
Reseach Article

Effects of Covid and its Preventive Measures

by Ankita Chopra, Ritika, Vani Malhotra
International Journal of Computer Applications
Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Volume 183 - Number 22
Year of Publication: 2021
Authors: Ankita Chopra, Ritika, Vani Malhotra
10.5120/ijca2021921569

Ankita Chopra, Ritika, Vani Malhotra . Effects of Covid and its Preventive Measures. International Journal of Computer Applications. 183, 22 ( Sep 2021), 51-59. DOI=10.5120/ijca2021921569

@article{ 10.5120/ijca2021921569,
author = { Ankita Chopra, Ritika, Vani Malhotra },
title = { Effects of Covid and its Preventive Measures },
journal = { International Journal of Computer Applications },
issue_date = { Sep 2021 },
volume = { 183 },
number = { 22 },
month = { Sep },
year = { 2021 },
issn = { 0975-8887 },
pages = { 51-59 },
numpages = {9},
url = { https://ijcaonline.org/archives/volume183/number22/32063-2021921569/ },
doi = { 10.5120/ijca2021921569 },
publisher = {Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA},
address = {New York, USA}
}
%0 Journal Article
%1 2024-02-07T01:17:36.468515+05:30
%A Ankita Chopra
%A Ritika
%A Vani Malhotra
%T Effects of Covid and its Preventive Measures
%J International Journal of Computer Applications
%@ 0975-8887
%V 183
%N 22
%P 51-59
%D 2021
%I Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
Abstract

This paper investigates the impacts of corona virus pandemic (COVID-19) and the vaccination required, as well as prospective policy directions to limit its effects, based on a comprehensive survey of the literature. According to our findings, the Covid-19 pandemic has had negative consequences on humanity, the human body, and people of various age groups, in addition to mortality. This 2019 novel corona COVID19 is a highly contagious zoonosis caused by SARSCoV2 and spread from person to person by respiratory secretions. The elderly and persons with comorbidities are the most vulnerable populations who require ventilation. People over the age of 55 to 65 who have a history of chronic diseases (uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, COPD, and all other clinical disorders) should avoid contact with potentially infected patients. Furthermore, the survey indicates the safe and effective vaccination and its preventive measures. Finally, this research looks into future research directions.

References
  1. Goyal, L., & Arora, N. Deep Transfer Learning Approach for Detection of Covid-19 from Chest X-Ray Images. International Journal of Computer Applications, 975, 8887.
  2. Coronavirus 2019‐nCoV, CSSE . Coronavirus 2019‐nCoV Global Cases by Johns Hopkins CSSE. (Available from: https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6)
  3. Coronaviruses closely related to the pandemic virus discovered in Japan and Cambodia https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03217-0
  4. Kuldeep Dhama, Sharun Khan, Ruchi Tiwari, Shubhankar Sircar, Sudipta Bhat, Yashpal Singh Malik, Karam Pal Singh, Wanpen Chaicumpa, D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales.(2021). Coronavirus Disease 2019–COVID-19. https://cmr.asm.org/content/33/4/e00028-20.full#sec-14/
  5. Huang C., Wang Y., Li X., Ren L., Zhao J., Hu Y., Zhang L., Fan G., Xu J., Gu X., et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395:497–506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  6. Zhou P., Yang X.-L., Wang X.G., Hu B., Zhang L., Zhang W., Si R.H., Zhu Y., Li B., Huang C.-L., et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020;579:270–273. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Guan W.-J., Ni Z.-Y., Hu Y., Liang W.-H., Ou C.-Q., He J.-X., Liu L., Shan H., Lei C.-L., Hui D.S., et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. New Engl. J. Med. 2020 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  8. Guo Y.-R., Cao Q.-D., Hong Z.-S., Tan Y.-Y., Chen S.-D., Jin H., Tan K.-S., Wang D.-Y., Yan Y. The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak—An update on the status. Mil. Med Res. 2020;7:1–10. doi: 10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  9. Lu R., Zhao X., Li J., Niu P., Yang B., Wu H., Wang W., Song H., Huang B., Zhu N., et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: Implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet. 2020;395:565–574. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] Tang X., Wu C., Li X., Song Y., Yao X., Wu X., Duan Y., Zhang H., Wang Y., Qian Z., et al. On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Natl. Sci. Rev. 2020 doi:
  10. Zhang L., Liu Y. Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review. J. Med. Virol. 2020;92:479–490. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25707. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lee N., Hui D.S., Wu A., Chan P.K.S., Cameron P., Joynt G., Ahuja A.T., Yung M.Y., Leung C., To K., et al. A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. New Engl. J. Med. 2003;348:1986–1994. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa030685. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gautret P., Lagier J.-C., Parola P., Hoang V.T., Meddeb L., Mailhe M., Doudier B., Courjon J., Giordanengo V., Vieira V.E., et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: Results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2020:105949. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  13. Nguyen T.M., Zhang Y., Pandolfi P.P. Virus against virus: A potential treatment for 2019-nCov (SARS-CoV-2) and other RNA viruses. Cell Res. 2020;30:189–190. doi: 10.1038/s41422-020-0290-0. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  14. Yoshihisa Kashima, Simon Dennis, Andrew Perfors, Simon M. Laham (2021). Culture and global societal threats: COVID-19 as a pathogen threat to humanity. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1368430220982075/
  15. CORONAVIRUS COMPLICATIONS: HOW DOES COVID 19 AFFECT YOUR BODY?written by Narayana Health . https://www.narayanahealth.org/blog/how-covid-19-affect-your-lungs/
  16. Here’s What Happens to the Body After Contracting the New Coronavirus Written by Shawn Radcliffe on April 30, 2020 — Fact checked by Dana K. Cassell https://www.healthline.com/health-news/heres-what-happens-to-the-body-after-contracting-the-coronavirus#Heart-and-blood-vessels
  17. Here’s What Happens to the Body After Contracting the New Coronavirus Written by Shawn Radcliffe on April 30, 2020 — Fact checked by Dana K. Cassell https://www.healthline.com/health-news/heres-what-happens-to-the-body-after-contracting-the-coronavirus#Heart-and-blood-vessels
  18. Here’s What Happens to the Body After Contracting the New Coronavirus Written by Shawn Radcliffe on April 30, 2020 — Fact checked by Dana K. Cassell https://www.healthline.com/health-news/heres-what-happens-to-the-body-after-contracting-the-coronavirus#Heart-and-blood-vessels
  19. Nicholas G. Davies, Petra Klepac, Yang Liu, Kiesha Prem, Mark Jit, CMMID COVID-19 working group & Rosalind M. Eggo (2020). Age-Dependents effects in the transmission and control of COVID-19 epidemics. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0962-9
  20. Galanti, M. et al. Rates of asymptomatic respiratory virus infection across age groups. Epidemiol. Infect. 147, e176 (2019).
  21. Zhou, F. et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 395, 1054–1062 (2020).
  22. Riccardo, F. et al. Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in Italy and estimates of the reproductive numbers one month into the epidemic. Preprint at http://medrxiv.org/lookup/doi/10.1101/2020.04.08.20056861 (2020).
  23. Van Kerckhove, K., Hens, N., Edmunds, W. J. & Eames, K. T. D. The impact of illness on social networks: implications for transmission and control of influenza. Am. J. Epidemiol. 178, 1655–1662 (2013).
  24. Cauchemez, S., Valleron, A.-J., Boëlle, P.-Y., Flahault, A. & Ferguson, N. M. Estimating the impact of school closure on influenza transmission from Sentinel data. Nature 452, 750–754 (2008).
  25. Eames, K. T. D., Tilston, N. L., Brooks-Pollock, E. & Edmunds, W. J. Measured dynamic social contact patterns explain the spread of H1N1v influenza. PLoS Comput. Biol. 8, e1002425 (2012).
  26. Huang, C. et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 395, 497–506 (2020). CAS Article Google Scholar
  27. Koh, A. Singapore COVID-19 Cases (2020); http://alexkoh.net/covid19/ (accessed 4 March 2020).
  28. Data Science for COVID-19 (DS4C) (2020); https://kaggle.com/kimjihoo/coronavirusdataset (accessed 13 March 2020).
  29. http://www.biotech.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/vaccines_1_2010-1.pdf
  30. Lawrence Corey 1,2 , John R. Mascola 3 , Anthony S. Fauci 4 , Francis S. Collins https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/368/6494/948.full.pdf
  31. Laurence S. J. Roope, John Buckell, Frauke Becker,Paolo Candio, Mara Violato,John Buckell,Frauke Becker,Paolo Candio, Mara Violato, Jody L. Sindelar,Adrian Barnett, Raymond Duch & Philip M. Clarke https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41669-020-00228-5
  32. Herper M. AstraZeneca lays out plan for producing 2 billion doses of Covid-19 vaccine, if it works. STAT. 2020. https://www.statnews.com/2020/06/04/astrazeneca-lays-out-plan-for-producing-2-billion-doses-of-covid-19-vaccine-if-it-works/. Accessed 12 Aug 2020.
  33. Why Do You Need Two Doses for Some COVID-19 Vaccines? https://www.healthline.com/health/why-two-doses-of-covid-vaccine
  34. Why Do You Need Two Doses for Some COVID-19 Vaccines? Medically reviewed by Meredith Goodwin, MD, FAAFP — Written by Jill Seladi-Schulman, Ph.D.
  35. RESTRICTED USE IN EMERGENCY SITUATION OF COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 VACCINE BY BHARAT BIOTECH https://www.bharatbiotech.com/images/covaxin/covaxin-fact-sheet.pdf
  36. Facts and Figures from:-https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/332971/nCoVsitrep01Jul2020-eng.pdf
  37. Kakde, A., Sharma, D., & Arora, N. (2020). Optimal Classification of COVID-19: A Transfer Learning Approach. Int. J. Comput. Appl., 176(20), 25-31.
Index Terms

Computer Science
Information Sciences

Keywords

SARS-COV-2 COVID-19 Vaccination Covaxin/Covishield Comorbidity Preventive Measures