In the entire world, security systems are essential for the protection of life and property. This is a growing technology which has become increasingly used in our daily life. Other areas of application include but not limited to commercial banking sectors, educational institutions, border control via passport verification, voter’s registration and verification and so on. In order to provide such needed and adequate security, biometric systems are essential. Biometric is the technique used to identify an individual based on his /her physiological (e.g. fingerprint, face, retina, and so on) and behavioral (gait, signature, voice, and so on) characteristics. Every individual identity relied majorly on these categories of traits. Traditional methods of establishing a person identity include the knowledge (password, username) and possession (card, token)-based. A biometric that uses a single biometric trait for recognition is prone to problems related to non-universality, spoof attacks, limited degree of freedom, large intra-class variability, and noisy data. Some of these problems can be overcome by integrating the use of multiple biometric traits of a user (e.g. face, fingerprint). This paper provides a comparative study of commonly known biometric models for individuality investigation with emphasis on methodologies, strengths and weakness.

Biometric fingerprint individuality investigation model security